Al-Jumu’ah 62:5-8

Al-Jumu’ah 62:5-8


62:5
مَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ حُمِّلُواْ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ ثُمَّ لَمۡ يَحۡمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ ٱلۡحِمَارِ يَحۡمِلُ أَسۡفَارًۢاۚ بِئۡسَ مَثَلُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِئَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِى ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
The example of those who were entrusted with the Torah and then did not take it on is like that of a donkey who carries volumes [of books]. Wretched is the example of the people who deny the signs of Allāh. And Allāh does not guide the wrongdoing people.


62:6
قُلۡ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُوٓاْ إِن زَعَمۡتُمۡ أَنَّكُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ لِلَّهِ مِن دُونِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُاْ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ
Say, “O you who are Jews, if you claim that you are allies of Allāh, excluding the [other] people, then wish for death, if you should be truthful.”


62:7
وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوۡنَهُۥٓ أَبَدًۢا بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
But they will not wish for it, ever, because of what their hands have put forth. And Allāh is Knowing of the wrongdoers.


62:8
قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ ٱلَّذِى تَفِرُّونَ مِنۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مُلَٰقِيكُمۡۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ
Say, “Indeed, the death from which you flee – indeed, it will meet you. Then you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, and He will inform you about what you used to do.”




English – Tafsir ibn kathir


Al-Jumu’ah 62:5

Admonishing the Jews and challenging Them to wish for Death

Allah the Exalted says,

مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا

The likeness of those who were entrusted with the Tawrah, but did not carry it, is as the likeness of a donkey which carries huge burdens of books.

Allah the Exalted admonishes the Jews who were entrusted with the Tawrah and were ordered to abide by it.

However, they did not abide by it, and this is why Allah resembled them to the donkey that carries volumes of books. Surely, when the donkey carries books, it will not understand what these books contain because it is only carrying these books using its strength.

This is the example of those who were entrusted with the Tawrah; they read its letter but did not understand its meanings nor abided by them. Rather, they even corrupted and changed the Tawrah. Therefore, they are worse than the donkey, because the donkey cannot understand. They, on the other hand, could have understood using their minds, but their minds were of no benefit.

This is why Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah,

أُوْلَـيِكَ كَالَانْعَـمِ بَلْ هُمْ أَضَلُّ أُوْلَـيِكَ هُمُ الْغَـفِلُونَ

They are like cattle, nay even more astray; those! They are the heedless. (7:179),

and said,

بِيْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِأيَاتِ اللَّهِ

وَاللَّهُ لَاا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ

How bad is the example of people who deny the Ayat of Allah? And Allah does not guide the people who are wrongdoers.



Al-Jumu’ah 62:6

Allah the Exalted said,

قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هَادُوا إِن زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاء لِلَّهِ مِن دُونِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ

Say:

“O you Jews! If you pretend that you are friends of Allah, to the exclusion of other people, then long for death if you are truthful.”

meaning, `if you claim that you are on the correct guidance and that Muhammad and his Companions are being led astray, then invoke Allah to bring death to the misguided group among the two, if you are truthful in your claim.’

Allah said


Al-Jumu’ah 62:7

وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوْنَهُ أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ

But they will never long for it, because of what their hands have sent before them!

meaning because of the disbelief, injustice and sins that they commit,

وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ
And Allah knows well the wrongdoers.

We mentioned this challenge to the Jews before in Surah Al-Baqarah, where Allah said,

قُلْ إِن كَانَتْ لَكُمُ الدَّارُ الاٌّخِرَةُ عِندَ اللَّهِ خَالِصَةً مِّن دُونِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُاْ الْمَوْتَ إِن كُنْتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ

وَلَن يَتَمَنَّوْهُ أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّـلِمينَ

وَلَتَجِدَنَّهُمْ أَحْرَصَ النَّاسِ عَلَى حَيَوةٍ وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُواْ يَوَدُّ أَحَدُهُمْ لَوْ يُعَمَّرُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ وَمَا هُوَ بِمُزَحْزِحِهِ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ أَن يُعَمَّرَ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ

Say:

“If the home of the Hereafter with Allah is indeed for you specially and not for others, of mankind, then long for death if you are truthful.”

But they will never long for it because of what their hands have sent forth before them. And Allah is Aware of the wrongdoers.

And verily, you will find them the greediest of mankind for life and (even greedier) than those who ascribe partners to Allah. One of them wishes that he could be given a life of a thousand years. But the grant of such life will not save him even a little from punishment. And Allah is Seer of what they do. (2:94-96)

We explained these meanings there, stating that the challenge was for the Jews to invoke Allah to destroy the misguided group, either they or their enemies.

We also mentioned a similar challenge against the Christians in Surah Al `Imran,

فَمَنْ حَأجَّكَ فِيهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَأءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْاْ نَدْعُ أَبْنَأءَنَا وَأَبْنَأءَكُمْ وَنِسَأءَنَا وَنِسَأءَكُمْ وَأَنفُسَنَا وأَنفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَل لَّعْنَتُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَـذِبِينَ

Then whoever disputes with you concerning him (`Isa) after (all this) knowledge that has come to you, say:”Come, let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves — then we pray and invoke the curse of Allah upon those who lie.” (3:61)

and against the idolators, in Surah Maryam,

قُلْ مَن كَانَ فِى الضَّلَـلَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ الرَّحْمَـنُ مَدّاً

Say whoever is in error, the Most Gracious will extend (circumstances) for him. (19:75)

Imam Ahmad, may Allah be pleased with him recorded that Ibn Abbas said,

“Abu Jahl, may Allah curse him, said, `If I see Muhammad praying at the Ka`bah, I will step on his neck.’

When the Prophet heard of that, he said,

لَوْ فَعَلَ لَاَخَذَتْهُ الْمَلَيِكَةُ عَيَانًا

وَلَوْ أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ تَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ لَمَاتُوا وَرَأَوْا مَقَاعِدَهُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ

وَلَوْ خَرَجَ الَّذِينَ يُبَاهِلُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ

صلى الله عليه وسلّم لَرَجَعُوا لَا يَجِدُونَ أَهْلً وَلَا مَالاً

Had he done so, the angels would have snatched him away in public.

Had the Jews wished for death, they would all have perished and saw their seats in Hellfire.

Had those accepted for invoking the curse of Allah with Allah’s Messenger, they would not have found families or property when they returned home.”

Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa’i recorded it.


Al-Jumu’ah 62:8

His saying;

قُلْ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ الَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مُلَقِيكُمْ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَى عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّيُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ

Say:

“Verily, the death from which you flee will surely meet you, then you will be sent back to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, and He will inform you about what you used to do.”

is like His saying in Surah An-Nisa’:

أَيْنَمَا تَكُونُواْ يُدْرِككُّمُ الْمَوْتُ وَلَوْ كُنتُمْ فِى بُرُوجٍ مُّشَيَّدَةٍ

Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you even if you are in fortresses built up strong and high.




Al-Jumu’ah 62:5-8
Arabic [5182] – Tafsir Ibn Kathir

يَقُولُ تَعَالَى ذَامًّا لِلْيَهُودِ الَّذِينَ أُعْطُوا التَّوْرَاةَ وَحَمَلُوهَا لِلْعَمَلِ بِهَا، فَلَمْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهَا، مَثَلُهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا، أَيْ: كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ إِذَا حُمِّلَ كُتُبًا لَا يَدْرِي مَا فِيهَا، فَهُوَ يَحْمِلُهَا حَمْلًا حِسِّيًّا [[في أ: “حسنًا”.]] وَلَا يَدْرِي مَا عَلَيْهِ. وَكَذَلِكَ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي حَمْلِهِمُ الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي أُوتُوهُ، حَفِظُوهُ لَفْظًا وَلَمْ يَفْهَمُوهُ [[في م: “ولم يتفهموه”.]] وَلَا عَمِلُوا بِمُقْتَضَاهُ، بَلْ أَوَّلُوهُ وَحَرَّفُوهُ وَبَدَّلُوهُ، فَهُمْ أَسْوَأُ حَالًا مِنَ الْحَمِيرِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْحِمَارَ لَا فهمَ لَهُ، وَهَؤُلَاءِ لَهُمْ فُهُومٌ لَمْ يَسْتَعْمِلُوهَا؛ وَلِهَذَا قَالَ فِي الْآيَةِ الْأُخْرَى: ﴿أُولَئِكَ كَالأنْعَامِ بَلْ هُمْ أَضَلُّ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْغَافِلُونَ﴾ [الأعراف: ١٧٩] وقال هاهنا: ﴿بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ﴾
وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَير، عَنْ مُجَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: “مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالْإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ، فَهُوَ كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا، وَالَّذِي يَقُولُ لَهُ “أنصت”، ليس له جمعة” [[المسند (١/٢٣٠) وقال الهيثمي في المجمع (٢/١٨٤) : “فيه مجالد بن سعيد وقد ضعفه الناس ووثقه النسائي في رواية”.]] ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هَادُوا إِنْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ لِلَّهِ مِنْ دُونِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ﴾ أَيْ: إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّكُمْ عَلَى هُدًى، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ عَلَى ضَلَالَةٍ، فَادْعُوا بِالْمَوْتِ عَلَى الضَّالِّ مِنَ الْفِئَتَيْنِ ﴿إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ﴾ فِيمَا تَزْعُمُونَهُ.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلا يَتَمَنَّوْنَهُ أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ﴾ أي: بما يعلمون لَهُمْ [[في أ: “هم”.]] مِنَ الْكُفْرِ وَالظُّلْمِ وَالْفُجُورِ، ﴿وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ﴾ وَقَدْ قَدَّمْنَا فِي سُورَةِ “الْبَقَرَةِ” الْكَلَامَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْمُبَاهَلَةِ لِلْيَهُودِ، حَيْثُ قَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿قُلْ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَكُمُ الدَّارُ الآخِرَةُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَالِصَةً مِنْ دُونِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ وَلَنْ يَتَمَنَّوْهُ أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ وَلَتَجِدَنَّهُمْ أَحْرَصَ النَّاسِ عَلَى حَيَاةٍ وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا يَوَدُّ أَحَدُهُمْ لَوْ يُعَمَّرُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ وَمَا هُوَ بِمُزَحْزِحِهِ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ أَنْ يُعَمَّرَ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ﴾ [الْبَقَرَةِ: ٩٤ -٩٦] وَقَدْ أَسْلَفْنَا الْكَلَامَ هُنَاكَ وَبَيَّنَّا أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ أَنْ يَدْعُوا عَلَى الضَّالِّ [[في م: “الضلال”.]] مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَوْ خُصُومِهِمْ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَتْ مُبَاهَلَةُ النَّصَارَى فِي آلِ عِمْرَانَ: ﴿فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَنْفُسَنَا وَأَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَاذِبِينَ﴾ [آلِ عِمْرَانَ: ٦١] وَمُبَاهَلَةُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي سُورَةِ مَرْيَمَ: ﴿قُلْ مَنْ كَانَ فِي الضَّلالَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ مَدًّا﴾ [مَرْيَمَ: ٧٥]
وَقَدْ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الرَّقِّيُّ أَبُو يَزِيدَ، حَدَّثَنَا فُرَاتٌ، عَنْ [[في م: “بن”.]] عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْجَزَرِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ: إِنْ رأيتُ مُحَمَّدًا عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ لآتينَّه حَتَّى أَطَأَ عَلَى عُنُقه. قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: “لَوْ فَعَلَ لأخذَته الْمَلَائِكَةُ عِيَانًا، وَلَوْ أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ تَمَنَّوا الْمَوْتَ لَمَاتُوا وَرَأَوْا مَقَاعِدَهُمْ مِنَ [[في أ: “في”.]] النَّارِ. وَلَوْ خَرَجَ الَّذِينَ يُباهلون رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَرَجَعُوا لَا يَجِدُونَ مَالًا وَلَا أَهْلًا.
رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ، [بِهِ] [[زيادة من أ.]] [[المسند (١/٢٤٨) وصحيح البخاري برقم (٤٩٥٨) وسنن الترمذي برقم (٣٣٤٨) وسنن النسائي الكبرى برقم (١١٦٨٥) .]] قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: “وَتَبِعَهُ [[في م، أ: “وتابعه”.]] عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ”. وَرَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ، أَيْضًا عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الحلَبِي، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الرَّقِّيِّ، بِهِ أَتَمَّ [[سنن النسائي الكبرى برقم (١١٠٦١) .]]
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وَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿قُلْ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ الَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مُلاقِيكُمْ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَى عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ﴾ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ: ﴿أَيْنَمَا تَكُونُوا يُدْرِكُكُمُ الْمَوْتُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُمْ فِي بُرُوجٍ مُشَيَّدَةٍ﴾ [النِّسَاءِ: ٧٨]
وَفِي مُعْجَمِ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُعَاذِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَة مَرْفُوعًا: “مَثَلُ الَّذِي يَفِرُّ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ كَمَثَلِ الثَّعْلَبِ تَطْلُبُهُ الْأَرْضُ بِدَيْنٍ، فَجَاءَ يَسْعَى حَتَّى إِذَا أَعْيَا وَانْبَهَرَ دَخَلَ جُحْرَهُ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ الْأَرْضُ: يَا ثَعْلَبُ دَيْنِي. فَخَرَجَ لَهُ حُصَاص، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كذلك حتى تقطعت عنقه، فمات”. [[المعجم الكبير (٧/٢٢٢) ورواه العقيلي في الضعفاء (٤/٢٠٠) ومن طريقه ابن الجوزى في العلل المتناهية (٢/٤٠٥) وقال ابن الجوزي: “هذا حديث لا يصح عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ومعاذ في حديثه وهم، ولا يتابع على رفعه، وإنما هو موقوف على سمرة”.]]